Future Breakthroughs

Quantum Dots

Quantum dots are found in two aspects of the Four-Way Catalytic Converter:  on the inner layer of the reaction chamber and on the photovoltaic cells.  Based on current technologies, when a light photon hits a photon absorber, it typically releases only one electron.  Once it becomes commercially feasible to manufacture photon absorbers at the quantum scale (i.e., less than 100 nanometers in length, width and height), it has been shown that one photon could release as many as seven electrons (Jobwerx).  This would make the Four-Way Catalytic Converter almost seven times more efficient.  As well, quantum dots of a heat-resistant material would have to be manufactured for the inner layer of the reaction chamber.  Manufacturers would have to use extremely acute and fast machines to efficiently mass-produce the quantum dots.