Breakthroughs

SMAGALS uses five key technological breakthroughs.  First, we propose the water-soluble C60 sphere with its acid groups for free radical “sponging”.  The carboxyfullerene dissolves into the spinal fluid where they act as free radical "sponges", because of the three attached malonic acid groups.  Next, we attach a new antibody to the buckyball, which will be directed at stopping MAG.  The newly designed antibody that cleaved from the buckyball continues to the nerve cells, and blocks MAG, letting the body regenerate nerve cells so the motor neurons can function again leading eventually to function in all affected parts.  The third innovation is the photosensitive linkage (at 600 nm) between the antibody and the buckminsterfullerene.  Energy transfer at 600 nm is strong enough to break the link, freeing the buckyball with its acid groups.     The fourth innovation is the modified ET technology in the 800 nm to the 600 nm ranges.  The designer molecules absorb their energy in the form of two or three photons of 600 nm from the IR diode located in the buckyball pump and release the energy on the photosensitive linkage.   The last advance is the new buckyball pump, with an IR diode, that will deliver the chemicals to the spinal fluid.  It pumps in buckyballs with antibodies, which are attached by a photoactive link.  The light source that triggers the photoactive molecules comes from an IR diode that is inside the pump and it excites molecules as they pass through the chamber.  All of the innovations are necessary for SMAGALS to be successful.

This is an animation depicting the IR diode activating the molecules to release the antibody from the buckyball.  Then therapy drugs travel to and through the spinal fluid.  Motor neurons are now regenerated for ALS patients.